Basement Fires Have Just Gotten More Dangerous

time2013/09/13

Not like fighting a basement fire wasn't dangerous to begin with, but now us brother and sister firefighters need to worry about the structural integrity of what contractors and/or engineers feel are adequate materials for "lightweight stairs".  We all understand that when a dwelling is being built, fire protection is not the utmost priority.  For us firefighters, it would seem as though it should be but time and money are factors that drive the industry.  Frank Brannigan always preached, "Know Your Enemy" relating to building construction. So this hazard alert is based from a firefighter's view reference to firefighter safety.  The concern was first presented to me from a good friend in the industry about two years ago. Over that period of time, I had not been seen them used in the industry. Now a few months later they are starting to be more prevelant in areas where newer, lightweight homes and/or multi family structures are being built.

I will start off this piece with a photo of a standard wood-framed "stringer, riser and tread" to refresh our memory of how traditional stair assemblies are built. ( see left)
 
Now with the new lightweight stair assembly, instead of using traditional 2x12 stair stringer, this new lightweight constructed staircase is made with a 2x4 running the entire length of the staircase (on the side) where the standard stringer would normally be.  The triangles you see (photo below) are providing the actual strength for both the risers and treads.  This lightweight system is held together by glue and nails.
The treads and risers are made up from 3/4" OSB.   It is reported in a main staircase (1st to 2nd floor) the underside of the stairs would be covered with drywall for added fire protection. When used for an unfinished basement installation, the stairs would be left as seen above (non-protected)